With the incorporation of noble metal materials, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) could be performed as an effective platform for refractive index sensing of the filling analytes. Furthermore, by coating functional dielectric layers upon the metal surfaces, the resonance energy transfer is modulated from the core mode of the PCFs towards the surface plasmon resonance mode of the metals, and the sensing performance could be boosted. Here, considering that the exciton-plasmon coupling is efficient between perovskite quantum dots (QDs) and gold, a kind of CsPbBr3 QDs/Au bilayer coated triangular-lattice PCFs has been simulated numerically as the refractive index sensors. With the optimization of the QDs and gold layer thicknesses, together with the variation of the central hole size of the PCFs, in the refractive index (RI) region of 1.26 to 1.34, a rather narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the loss spectra was achieved as 13.74 nm when the central hole size was 1.28 μm and the highest figure of merit was 63.79 RIU (the central hole size was 1.53 μm). This work demonstrates that the analyte identification accuracy was enhanced by FWHM narrowing of the loss spectra; in addition, taking the abundance of the material choice of perovskite QDs into consideration, more analytes could be detected effectively. Moreover, by adopting asymmetric structures, the sensitivity of the PCFs based refractive index sensors could be further improved.

随着超快激光“冷加工”技术的发展, 超快激光逐渐开始应用于文物保护领域。针对古城墙文物表面污染物清洗的应用需求, 制作类城墙的大理石文物及表面污染物模拟样品, 进行基于皮秒激光的文物样品清洗实验研究, 并与纳秒激光清洗的效果进行对比。实验中采用共聚焦显微镜观测和荧光能谱仪成分分析等手段, 改变激光输出能量, 清洗次数和扫描速度等激光清洗参数, 在不损伤大理石基底并综合考虑清洗效率和清洗效果基础上, 寻找优化实验参数。实验发现皮秒激光清洗优化参数为激光功率18W, 扫描速度1000mm/s, 清洗次数8次。清洗后主要污染物硫元素占比下降94.57%, 清洗后区域表面粗糙度为1.267μm。综合考虑清洗后污染物成分占比、表面粗糙度等方面, 皮秒激光清洗大理石文物样品的整体效果优于纳秒激光清洗区域。

The discovery of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect provides opportunities for the rapid development of fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, a boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based photosensitizer (ET-BDP-O) with AIE characteristics was developed, in which the two linear arms of BODIPY group were linked with triphenylamine to form an electron Donor–Acceptor–Donor (D–A–D) architecture while side chain was equipped with triethylene glycol group. ET-BDP-O was able to directly self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) without supplement of any other matrices or stabilizers due to its amphiphilic property. The as-prepared ET-BDP-O NPs had an excellent colloid stability with the size of 125 nm. Benefiting from the AIE property, ET-BDP-O NPs could generate strong fluorescence and reactive oxygen species under light-emitting diode light irradiation (60mW/cm2). After internalized in cancer cells, ET-BDP-O NPs were able to emit bright red fluorescence signal for bioimaging. In addition, the cell viability assay demonstrated that the ET-BDP-O NPs exhibited excellent photo-cytotoxicity against cancer cells, while negligible cytotoxicity under dark environment. Thus, ET-BDP-O NPs might be regarded as a promising photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging-guided PDT in future.The discovery of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect provides opportunities for the rapid development of fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, a boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based photosensitizer (ET-BDP-O) with AIE characteristics was developed, in which the two linear arms of BODIPY group were linked with triphenylamine to form an electron Donor–Acceptor–Donor (D–A–D) architecture while side chain was equipped with triethylene glycol group. ET-BDP-O was able to directly self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) without supplement of any other matrices or stabilizers due to its amphiphilic property. The as-prepared ET-BDP-O NPs had an excellent colloid stability with the size of 125 nm. Benefiting from the AIE property, ET-BDP-O NPs could generate strong fluorescence and reactive oxygen species under light-emitting diode light irradiation (60mW/cm2). After internalized in cancer cells, ET-BDP-O NPs were able to emit bright red fluorescence signal for bioimaging. In addition, the cell viability assay demonstrated that the ET-BDP-O NPs exhibited excellent photo-cytotoxicity against cancer cells, while negligible cytotoxicity under dark environment. Thus, ET-BDP-O NPs might be regarded as a promising photosensitizer for fluorescence imaging-guided PDT in future.

肿瘤是严重威胁人类健康和社会发展的重大公共卫生问题之一。针对肿瘤的治疗，外科手术切除仍是最普遍、最理想的策略。目前，外科医师在术中主要通过肉眼观察、超声等方法确定肿瘤边界、残余病灶以及微小转移病灶，然而，这些方式存在手术切缘肿瘤易残留、难以实时发现微小转移灶等问题，导致肿瘤术后复发、转移率高，严重影响病人的预后和远期生存。荧光手术导航的快速发展为解决这一问题提供了新的技术支撑。本文聚焦于荧光手术导航用荧光探针，重点对荧光手术导航系统和各类有机、无机近红外二区荧光分子探针进行系统阐述，分析其临床转化与应用面临的瓶颈问题，探讨可能的解决思路，以期为国内外相关领域的研究提供思路与参考。

近年来激光清洗技术逐渐应用在文物保护领域。针对陶瓷文物样品表面的黄色污染层(铁锈)和黑色污染层(CaSO4或PbCO3与灰尘的混合物), 进行纳秒激光清洗文物的实验研究。实验上采用肉眼观察和激光共聚焦高倍显微镜测量等手段,通过改变激光功率、扫描速度和清洗次数等参数, 控制陶瓷表面污染物的烧蚀作用和清洗效果, 探索两种污染物的优化清洗参数。实验中得到了陶瓷文物样品表面两种污染物的最佳清洗参数, 为陶瓷文物的修复和保护提供数据支撑。

为提高热载流子高功率微波探测器的灵敏度和降低环境温度对探测器性能的影响，开展了液氮环境下的热载流子探测器研究。提出了局部使用可阀合金块的BJ-100型热载流子探测器制作工艺，增强了探测器的抗温度冲击能力。测试结果表明，探测器硅片焊接的结合力大于4.9 N，能够承受从常温到液氮的反复温度冲击。利用100 kW微波源开展了热载流子探测器在室温和液氮环境下的灵敏度测试实验，结果表明：探测器输出波形与肖特基二极管检波器输出波形一致；在保持偏置电流相同的条件下，相较于常温环境，探测器在液氮环境下的相对灵敏度提升约20倍，输出电压可达V级。

光响应纳米基因载体可借外界光源实现基因的定时、定点释放，已逐渐成为非病毒基因载体研究的热点。根据响应光波长的不同，可将光响应纳米基因载体分为紫外/可见光响应的纳米基因载体和近红外光响应的纳米基因载体。综述了这两类载体材料当前的研究进展，阐述了其响应机理和释放过程，并总结了光响应纳米基因载体在构建过程中亟待解决的问题。

光动力治疗是基于微创的新型肿瘤治疗方法，利用光敏剂吸收外源可见-近红外光光能促使光敏剂与分子氧反应，产生高活性光化学产物——活性氧物质，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡或坏死，具有低免疫原性、低成本、高选择性等特点，已成为癌症治疗基础研究与临床转化的新热点。然而，实体肿瘤内微环境因子导致的光动力治疗效果下降及肿瘤细胞耐受等问题，阻碍了光动力治疗的发展与临床医学应用。随着纳米技术与生物医学工程等交叉领域的快速发展，以及对肿瘤微环境的深入研究，利用肿瘤微环境因子设计的智能响应性纳米载体用于癌症的诊断与协同治疗近年来受到广泛关注。基于此，综述了肿瘤环境响应的智能化纳米载体系统在肿瘤光动力治疗中的最新研究进展，为肿瘤的光动力治疗提供参考与新的研究思路。

In this study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is utilized to measure the hemodynamic responses (HRs) in the visual cortex of 14 subjects (aged 22–34 years) viewing the primary red, green, and blue (RGB) colors displayed on a white screen by a beam projector. The spatiotemporal characteristics of their oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobins (HbO and HbR) in the visual cortex are measured using a 15-source and 15-detector optode configuration. To see whether the activation maps upon RGB-color stimuli can be distinguished or not, the t-values of individual channels are averaged over 14 subjects. To find the best combination of two features for classification, the HRs of activated channels are averaged over nine trials. The HbO mean, peak, slope, skewness and kurtosis values during 2–7 s window for a given 10 s stimulation period are analyzed. Finally, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for classifying three classes is applied. Individually, the best classification accuracy obtained with slope-skewness features was 74.07% (Subject 1), whereas the best overall over 14 subjects was 55.29% with peak-skewness combination. Noting that the chance level of 3-class classification is 33.33%, it can be said that RGB colors can be distinguished. The overall results reveal that fNIRS can be used for monitoring purposes of the HR patterns in the human visual cortex.

研究了长周期光纤光栅( LPFG)级联布拉格光纤光栅(FBG)结构的温度及浓度传感特性。利用飞秒激光直写制作LPFG并级联FBG, 且FBG波谷位于1 551.9 nm, LPFG波谷位置为1 560.5 nm。在30~50 ℃温度变化范围内对传感器温度特性进行测试, 并在25 ℃超净环境下对浓度为3%~30%的葡萄糖溶液进行敏感性测试。实验结果表明: 升温过程FBG中心波长发生红移, 灵敏度26.36 pm/℃, 线性度0.950 8; LPFG中心波长发生蓝移, 灵敏度-24.55 pm/℃, 线性度0.914 2。降温过程FBG中心波长发生蓝移, 灵敏度25.00 pm/℃, 线性度0.945 8; LPFG中心波长发生红移, 灵敏度为-21.82 pm/℃, 线性度0.921 2。FBG对浓度变化不敏感, 当浓度由3%增至30%时, LPFG中心波长发生蓝移, 灵敏度196.36 pm, 线性度0.956 5。结果表明该光纤传感器灵敏度高, 线性度好, 可以同时动态实现温度和浓度的测量。